Apparatus for drying sand



-(No Model. A

- A. .FORRESTER.

APPARATUS FOR DRYING SAND, 820.

No; 536,277. Patented Mar. 26, 1895.

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UNITED STATES PATENT JOFFicE.

ALEXANDER FORRESTER, on BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

APPARATUS. FOR" DRYING SAND, 84C.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 536,277, dated March26, 1895 Application filed May 7. 1894. Serial No. 510,252. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER FORRES- TER, a citizen of the UnitedStates,.resid ing in Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of NewYork, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvementsin Apparatus forDrying Sand or other Materials, of which the following is aspecification. .7

My invention relates to a new and improved apparatus for drying sand,cements, clay or other materials that require the evaporation of thewater therefrom, and it will be fully and clearlyhereinafterdescribedand claimed, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, in which- Y p v Figure 1 is a front elevation of the apparatuscomplete. Fig. 2 represents a plan or top view, showing the conveyorsand their operating mechanism. Fig. 3 isa transverse section on or,about line a a, Fig. 2, showing the form of the several channels throughwhich the sand, or other material to be dried passes, also an end Viewof the conveyers. Fig. 4 represents an end view of a channeledreceptacle in which the conveyers operate. Fig. 5. is a detachedfaceview of one of the conveyer blades. Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation,cutting longitudinally through two sections of the channeled receptacle,showing how the two sections are secured together. Fig. 7, represents atop or edge view of the conveyer blade shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is atransverse section through a slight modification of the channeledreceptacle, showing the inclined opening from the first channel to thesecond; showing also, an end view of the device for throwing thesand'over from the first into the second channel. Fig. 9, represents aside elevation of Fig. 8, showing the modified construction by which thereceptacles are arranged transversely instead of longitudinally.

Referring to'the. drawings in detail, Lrepresents a brick structure inwhich the drying apparatus is located.

2 is the chimney which is made in the usual way and is placed preferablyat the rear of the structure orfurnace.

of the flanges 10-10 '6) and bolts 11, the flange 10", lapping over Atthe rear end of the furnace 1, is an outlet opening 6, see Figs. 1 and2, and its interior may be lined with fire brick. On each outer side ofthe furnace is a series of strengthening iron braces 7 and 7% connectedby transverse connecting bars 7 8 represents the furnace doors, and 9,the doors com municatin g with the ash receptacle. The furnace isprovided with a series of the usual grate-bars 8, arranged transversely.

The channeled receptacle through which the sand is conveyed, ispreferably constructed of cast iron, and is made up in sections whichare connected together by means and 10, (see Figs. 3 and the under edgesof the flange 10, as shown in said Fig. 6. Between these two flanges 10and 10, is placed a packing of asbestos 13, (shown in said Fig. 6) toinsure a tight joint. This receptacle is provided with a series ofchannels 14, 14 and 14, showing in this instance, three of suchchannels, but there may be more or less than the number shown, theobject being to have the sand conveyed through heated channels asufficient distance to cause it to become perfectly dry before it leavesthe receptacle. At the rear end of the channel 14, is an opening15,(s'ee Figs. 2 and 8,) having an inclined passage way 15, down whichthe sand passes into the channel 14:. At the opposite end of the channel1 B, is another similar opening 15*, and an inclined passage way 15,shown in Fig. 2 which communicates with the channel 14 At the rear endof the channel 14 is an outlet spout 16. On each side of the channeledreceptacle is a laterally extending flange 16, having a downwardlyprojecting narrow flange 16. The flanges 16% rest upon the metal balls5, so that the channeled receptacle can rest upon an easily movablesupportwhile being expanded by heat or contracting while cooling.

The conveyors arecomposed of a series of single blades 17, each beingprovided with a square eye"17, in the hub, so thatit can he slipped onto the square shaft 17*, (see Fig. 7) but any other. form of shaft incross section will answer provided it is adapted to prevent The objectin thus making these conveyors up of a series of single blades, is thatwhen one becomes worn or broken, it can be easily removed and a new onesubstituted therefor. These shafts 17, extend the whole length of thechanneled receptacle and from that out each way beyond the same, theyare turned round, and extend through the brick wall and are mounted inboxes 18, so as to turn therein. There are three of these shafts, asshown in the drawings, and they are provided with gear wheels 19-19 and19, which gear in with each other. The central shaft or the one havingthe gear wheel 19, is provided with a bevel gear wheel 20, and on thedriving shaft 21, bevel gear wheel 22, adapted to gear in with the gearwheel 20.

At the end of the conveyor blades, in the channel 14, is a series offiat blades 23, the object of which is to take and throw the sand, as itmoves in the direction of the arrow V, Fig. 2, over on the incline 15,from which it flows into the next channel 14, where the movement of theconveyer being reversed, the sand moves in the direction of the arrow W,and is carried back toward the front where the conveyer in the channel14 is provided with a similar fiat bladed device 23, which throws thesand through the side opening 15", and down the incline 15, into thechannel 14, from which the conveyer in said channel carries it to therear and to the outlet spout 16.

The sand dried in this apparatus is used in the preparation of hard wallplaster and it is very important that the sand during the process ofdrying be kept perfectly free from smoke or dirt of any kind, as theleast quantity of smoke or soot in the sand will discolor and injure theplaster or cement made from it. Consequently, the channeled receptacleis made tight so that no smoke from the furnace can come through it.

Sometimes, in a large apparatus for instance, it is advisable to arrangethe channeled receptacle transversely, in which case the flanges 16,should be put at each end of the channeled receptacle, substantially asshown in Fig. 9. This construction is preferable for the reason thatthey are shorter and not so liable to spring in the center.

In the modified construction shown in Fig. 8, the channeled portions aremade separate and secured together at the top by bolts 24, and arrangedtransversely. In some respects this construction is preferable becauseit brings the bolts above the fire and consequently, away from theinfluence of the heat.

The operation of the invention will be easily understood from theforegoing description and drawings. Fire being started in the furnaceuntil the apparatus becomes sufficiently heated, the sand to be dried isthrown into the channel 14, at or about the point, B, see Fig. 2. Theconveyer carries it to the opening 15, when it passes into the channel14:, and is carried by the conveyor back again in an opposite directionuntil it reaches the opening 15, when it is thrown into the channel 14"when the conveyer carries it back to the foot of the apparatus and tothe outlet, when it is deposited in a suitable receptacle.

I claim as my invention- In an apparatus for drying sand or othermaterial, the combination with a suitable furnace provided with a seriesof channeled receptacles having openings at alternate ends communicatingwith each other, of a series of conveyers located in said receptacles,each consisting of a series of removable single blades mounted onoperating shafts, means for preventing them from turning on said shaftsand gearing substantially as above described for connecting said shaftswith the driving shaft, substantially as and for the purposes described.

ALEXANDER FORRESTER.

\Vitnesses:

JAMES SANGSTER, HARRIET JOHNSON.

